nauraa
ภาษาฟินแลนด์
แก้ไขรากศัพท์
แก้ไขสืบทอดจากฟินนิกดั้งเดิม *nakradak
การออกเสียง
แก้ไข- สัทอักษรสากล(คำอธิบาย): /ˈnɑu̯rɑːˣ/
คำกริยา
แก้ไขnauraa
การผันรูป
แก้ไข| การผันรูปของ nauraa (Kotus type 56/kaivaa, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | nauran | en naura | 1st sing. | olen nauranut | en ole nauranut | |
| 2nd sing. | naurat | et naura | 2nd sing. | olet nauranut | et ole nauranut | |
| 3rd sing. | nauraa | ei naura | 3rd sing. | on nauranut | ei ole nauranut | |
| 1st plur. | nauramme | emme naura | 1st plur. | olemme nauraneet | emme ole nauraneet | |
| 2nd plur. | nauratte | ette naura | 2nd plur. | olette nauraneet | ette ole nauraneet | |
| 3rd plur. | nauravat | eivät naura | 3rd plur. | ovat nauraneet | eivät ole nauraneet | |
| passive | nauretaan | ei naureta | passive | on naurettu | ei ole naurettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | nauroin | en nauranut | 1st sing. | olin nauranut | en ollut nauranut | |
| 2nd sing. | nauroit | et nauranut | 2nd sing. | olit nauranut | et ollut nauranut | |
| 3rd sing. | nauroi | ei nauranut | 3rd sing. | oli nauranut | ei ollut nauranut | |
| 1st plur. | nauroimme | emme nauraneet | 1st plur. | olimme nauraneet | emme olleet nauraneet | |
| 2nd plur. | nauroitte | ette nauraneet | 2nd plur. | olitte nauraneet | ette olleet nauraneet | |
| 3rd plur. | nauroivat | eivät nauraneet | 3rd plur. | olivat nauraneet | eivät olleet nauraneet | |
| passive | naurettiin | ei naurettu | passive | oli naurettu | ei ollut naurettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | nauraisin | en nauraisi | 1st sing. | olisin nauranut | en olisi nauranut | |
| 2nd sing. | nauraisit | et nauraisi | 2nd sing. | olisit nauranut | et olisi nauranut | |
| 3rd sing. | nauraisi | ei nauraisi | 3rd sing. | olisi nauranut | ei olisi nauranut | |
| 1st plur. | nauraisimme | emme nauraisi | 1st plur. | olisimme nauraneet | emme olisi nauraneet | |
| 2nd plur. | nauraisitte | ette nauraisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte nauraneet | ette olisi nauraneet | |
| 3rd plur. | nauraisivat | eivät nauraisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat nauraneet | eivät olisi nauraneet | |
| passive | naurettaisiin | ei naurettaisi | passive | olisi naurettu | ei olisi naurettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | naura | älä naura | 2nd sing. | ole nauranut | älä ole nauranut | |
| 3rd sing. | naurakoon | älköön naurako | 3rd sing. | olkoon nauranut | älköön olko nauranut | |
| 1st plur. | naurakaamme | älkäämme naurako | 1st plur. | olkaamme nauraneet | älkäämme olko nauraneet | |
| 2nd plur. | naurakaa | älkää naurako | 2nd plur. | olkaa nauraneet | älkää olko nauraneet | |
| 3rd plur. | naurakoot | älkööt naurako | 3rd plur. | olkoot nauraneet | älkööt olko nauraneet | |
| passive | naurettakoon | älköön naurettako | passive | olkoon naurettu | älköön olko naurettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | nauranen | en naurane | 1st sing. | lienen nauranut | en liene nauranut | |
| 2nd sing. | nauranet | et naurane | 2nd sing. | lienet nauranut | et liene nauranut | |
| 3rd sing. | nauranee | ei naurane | 3rd sing. | lienee nauranut | ei liene nauranut | |
| 1st plur. | nauranemme | emme naurane | 1st plur. | lienemme nauraneet | emme liene nauraneet | |
| 2nd plur. | nauranette | ette naurane | 2nd plur. | lienette nauraneet | ette liene nauraneet | |
| 3rd plur. | nauranevat | eivät naurane | 3rd plur. | lienevät nauraneet | eivät liene nauraneet | |
| passive | naurettaneen | ei naurettane | passive | lienee naurettu | ei liene naurettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | nauraa | present | naurava | naurettava | ||
| long 1st2 | nauraakseen | past | nauranut | naurettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | nauraessa | naurettaessa | agent1, 3 | naurama | |
| instructive | nauraen | — | negative | nauramaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | nauramassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | nauramasta | — | ||||
| illative | nauramaan | — | ||||
| adessive | nauramalla | — | ||||
| abessive | nauramatta | — | ||||
| instructive | nauraman | naurettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | nauraminen | ||||
| partitive | nauramista | |||||
| 5th2 | nauramaisillaan | |||||