magnus

ภาษาละติน

รากศัพท์

สืบทอดจากอิตาลิกดั้งเดิม *magnos, จากอินโด-ยูโรเปียนดั้งเดิม *m̥ǵh₂nós, จาก*méǵh₂s (“great”). ร่วมเชื้อสายกับกรีกโบราณ μέγας (mégas, “big, large”), สันสกฤต मह (mahá, “great, mighty, strong, abundant”), เปอร์เซียกลาง ms (meh, “great”) (< *mas) (เปอร์เซีย مه (mih)), อเวสตะ 𐬨𐬀𐬰- (มะซ-, “large”), โทแคเรียนบี māka (“large”), Hittite [script needed] (mēkkis, “much, many, numerous”), อาร์มีเนียเก่า մեծ (เมต͜ซ), ไอริชเก่า maige (“great, large”), แอลเบเนีย madh (“large”) และอังกฤษเก่า micel (อังกฤษ much).

การออกเสียง

• (คลาสสิก) สัทอักษรสากล^{(คำอธิบาย)}: /ˈmaɡ.nus/, [ˈmäŋnʊs̠]
• (คริสตจักร) สัทอักษรสากล^{(คำอธิบาย)}: /ˈmaɲ.ɲus/, [ˈmäɲːus]

• เสียง (Classical):

  (file)

• เสียง (Ecclesiastical):

  (file)

คำคุณศัพท์

magnus (หญิง magna, กลาง magnum, ขั้นกว่า maior หรือ major, ขั้นสุด maximus); คำคุณศัพท์การผันที่หนึ่ง/สอง

1. ใหญ่

   คำพ้องความ: grandis

   คำตรงข้าม: parvus

2. ยิ่งใหญ่
3. สำคัญ
4. ดัง

การผันรูป

คำคุณศัพท์การผันที่หนึ่ง/สอง

จำนวน	เอกพจน์				พหูพจน์
การก / เพศ	ชาย	หญิง	กลาง		ชาย	หญิง	กลาง
กรรตุการก	magnus	magna	magnum		magnī	magnae	magna
สัมพันธการก	magnī	magnae	magnī		magnōrum	magnārum	magnōrum
สัมปทานการก	magnō		magnō		magnīs
กรรมการก	magnum	magnam	magnum		magnōs	magnās	magna
อปาทานการก	magnō	magnā	magnō		magnīs
สัมโพธนการก	magne	magna	magnum		magnī	magnae	magna

ลูกคำ

• magnum opus
• magna cum laude
• Carolus Magnus
• *tam magnus (Iberian Vulgar Latin)

คำที่เกี่ยวข้อง

• mactus
• magis
• magister
• magnās/magnātus

• magnificus
• magnitūdō
• magnopere

• maiestās
• maiusculus

คำสืบทอด

• กาตาลา: many
• อังกฤษ: magnus
• ฝรั่งเศสเก่า: magne
• อิตาลี: magno
• โปรตุเกส: magno, manho
• สเปน: magno, maño, tamaño

อ้างอิง

• “magnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “magnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• magnus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• magnus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 939/3
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a storm accompanied by heavy claps of thunder: tempestas cum magno fragore (caeli) tonitribusque (Liv. 1. 16)
    
  • with many tears: magno cum fletu
    
  • cogent, decisive reasons: magnae (graves) necessariae causae
    
  • important results are often produced by trivial causes: ex parvis saepe magnarum rerum momenta pendent
    
  • to be of great (no) importance: magni (nullius) momenti esse
    
  • to have considerable influence on a question: magnam vim habere ad aliquid
    
  • his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: ad felicitatem (magnus) cumulus accedit ex aliqua re
    
  • his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: aliquid felicitatem magno cumulo auget
    
  • to entreat earnestly; to make urgent requests: magno opere, vehementer, etiam atque etiam rogare aliquem
    
  • to be influenced by, to yield to urgent (abject) entreaty: magnis (infimis) precibus moveri
    
  • to possess great authority; to be an influential person: magna auctoritate esse
    
  • to possess great authority; to be an influential person: magna auctoritas est in aliquo
    
  • to have great influence with a person; to have considerable weight: magna auctoritas alicuius est apud aliquem
    
  • to leave a great reputation behind one: magnam sui famam relinquere
    
  • it is a great undertaking to..: magnum negotium est c. Inf.
    
  • to be magnanimous, broad-minded: magno animo esse
    
  • a man of ability: vir magno ingenio, ingeniosus
    
  • a man of ability: vir magno ingenio praeditus
    
  • to be in gross error, seriously misled: magno errore teneri
    
  • to be in gross error, seriously misled: in magno errore versari
    
  • a thing which is rather (very) dubious: quod aliquam (magnam) dubitationem habet (Leg. Agr. 1. 4. 11)
    
  • to be busy with ambitious projects: magna moliri
    
  • to have a high object in view; to be ambitious: magna sibi proponere or magna spectare
    
  • to have had great experience in a thing: magnum usum in aliqua re habere
    
  • to pass as a man of great learning: magnam doctrinae speciem prae se ferre
    
  • we expect a great deal from a man of your calibre: magna est exspectatio ingenii tui
    
  • a weighty example, precedent: exemplum magnum, grande
    
  • a strong, striking proof: argumentum firmum, magnum
    
  • a strong, loud voice: vox magna, clara (Sulla 10. 30)
    
  • to shout at the top of one's voice: magna voce clamare
    
  • it is a difficult point, disputed question: magna quaestio est (followed by an indirect question)
    
  • to my sorrow: cum magno meo dolore
    
  • to undergo severe trouble, trials: magnum luctum haurire (without ex-)
    
  • to be haughty: magnos spiritus sibi sumere (B. G. 1. 33)
    
  • I have great hopes that..: magna me spes tenet (with Acc. c. Inf.) (Tusc. 1. 41. 97)
    
  • some one is the object of much admiration: magna est admiratio alicuius
    
  • we are united by many mutual obligations: multa et magna inter nos officia intercedunt (Fam. 13. 65)
    
  • to buy dearly: magno or male emere
    
  • a thing costs much, little: aliquid magno, parvo stat, constat
    
  • much money: pecunia magna, grandis (multum pecuniae)
    
  • money is plentiful at 6 per cent: semissibus magna copia est
    
  • to incur debts on a large scale: grande, magnum (opp. exiguum) aes alienum conflare
    
  • a large force, many troops: magnae copiae (not multae)
    
  • veterans; experienced troops: qui magnum in castris usum habent
    
  • to possess great experience in military matters: magnum usum in re militari habere (Sest. 5. 12)
    
  • by forced marches: magnis itineribus (Sall. Iug. 37)
    
  • there was great slaughter of fugitives: magna caedes hostium fugientium facta est
    
  • with great loss: magno cum detrimento
    
  • much damage was done by this collision: ex eo navium concursu magnum incommodum est acceptum
    
  • (ambiguous) to be very rich; to be in a position of affluence: magnas opes habere
    
  • (ambiguous) to have a large income from a thing (e.g. from mines): magnas pecunias ex aliqua re (e.g. ex metallis) facere
    
  • (ambiguous) to perform heroic exploits: magnas res gerere
    
• “magnus”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray